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2.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 27(3): 252-259, jul.-set. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-761666

ABSTRACT

RESUMOObjetivo:Descrever o uso de ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva pós-extubação na prática clínica da unidade de terapia intensiva, e identificar os fatores associados à falência da ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva.Métodos:Este estudo prospectivo de coorte incluiu pacientes com idade ≥ 18 anos admitidos consecutivamente à unidade de terapia intensiva e submetidos à ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva dentro de 48 horas após sua extubação. O desfecho primário foi falência da ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva.Resultados:Incluímos um total de 174 pacientes. A taxa global de uso de ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva foi de 15%. Dentre todos os pacientes que utilizaram ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva, em 44% o uso ocorreu pós-extubação. A taxa de falência da ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva foi de 34%. A média de idade (± DP) foi de 56 ± 18 anos, sendo que 55% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino. Os dados demográficos, níveis basais de pH, PaCO2 e HCO3 além do tipo de equipamento utilizado foram similares entre os grupos. Todos os parâmetros finais de ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva foram mais elevados no grupo que apresentou falência da ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva (pressão inspiratória positiva nas vias aéreas - 15,0 versus 13,7cmH2O; p = 0,015; pressão expiratória positiva nas vias aéreas - 10,0 versus8,9cmH2O; p = 0,027; e FiO2 - 41 versus33%; p = 0,014). O grupo que teve falência da ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva teve tempo médio de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva maior (24 versus 13 dias; p < 0,001), e taxa de mortalidade na unidade de terapia intensiva mais elevada (55 versus 10%; p < 0,001). Após adequação, o modelo de regressão logística permitiu afirmar que pacientes com pressão inspiratória positiva nas vias aéreas ≥ 13,5cmH2O no último dia de suporte com ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva tiveram risco três vezes maior de se tornarem casos de falência da ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva, do que os pacientes que tiveram pressão inspiratória positiva das vias aéreas < 13,5 (OR = 3,02; IC95% = 1,01 - 10,52; p = 0,040).Conclusão:O grupo com falência da ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva teve tempo de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva maior, além de uma taxa de mortalidade mais elevada. A análise de regressão logística identificou que pacientes com pressão inspiratória positiva nas vias aéreas ≥ 13,5cmH2O no último dia de suporte ventilatório não invasivo tiveram risco três vezes maior de apresentar falência da ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva.


ABSTRACTObjective:To describe postextubation noninvasive positive pressure ventilation use in intensive care unit clinical practice and to identify factors associated with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation failure.Methods:This prospective cohort study included patients aged ≥ 18 years consecutively admitted to the intensive care unit who required noninvasive positive pressure ventilation within 48 hours of extubation. The primary outcome was noninvasive positive pressure ventilation failure.Results:We included 174 patients in the study. The overall noninvasive positive pressure ventilation use rate was 15%. Among the patients who used noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, 44% used it after extubation. The failure rate of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation was 34%. The overall mean ± SD age was 56 ± 18 years, and 55% of participants were male. Demographics; baseline pH, PaCO2 and HCO3; and type of equipment used were similar between groups. All of the noninvasive positive pressure ventilation final parameters were higher in the noninvasive positive pressure ventilation failure group [inspiratory positive airway pressure: 15.0 versus 13.7cmH2O (p = 0.015), expiratory positive airway pressure: 10.0 versus 8.9cmH2O (p = 0.027), and FiO2: 41 versus 33% (p = 0.014)]. The mean intensive care unit length of stay was longer (24 versus 13 days), p < 0.001, and the intensive care unit mortality rate was higher (55 versus 10%), p < 0.001 in the noninvasive positive pressure ventilation failure group. After fitting, the logistic regression model allowed us to state that patients with inspiratory positive airway pressure ≥ 13.5cmH2O on the last day of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation support are three times more likely to experience noninvasive positive pressure ventilation failure compared with individuals with inspiratory positive airway pressure < 13.5 (OR = 3.02, 95%CI = 1.01 - 10.52, p value = 0.040).Conclusion:The noninvasive positive pressure ventilation failure group had a longer intensive care unit length of stay and a higher mortality rate. Logistic regression analysis identified that patients with inspiratory positive airway pressure ≥ 13.5cmH2O on the last day of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation support are three times more likely to experience noninvasive positive pressure ventilation failure.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Airway Extubation , Intensive Care Units , Noninvasive Ventilation/methods , Positive-Pressure Respiration/methods , Cohort Studies , Length of Stay , Logistic Models , Prospective Studies , Treatment Failure
3.
Clinics ; 67(7): 767-772, July 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-645449

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To describe noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation use in intensive care unit clinical practice, factors associated with NPPV failure and the associated prognosis. METHODS: A prospective cohort study. RESULTS: Medical disorders (59%) and elective surgery (21%) were the main causes for admission to the intensive care unit. The main indications for the initiation of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation were the following: post-extubation, acute respiratory failure and use as an adjunctive technique to chest physiotherapy. The noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation failure group was older and had a higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score. The noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation failure rate was 35%. The main reasons for intubation were acute respiratory failure (55%) and a decreased level of consciousness (20%). The noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation failure group presented a shorter period of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation use than the successful group [three (2-5) versus four (3-7) days]; they had lower levels of pH, HCO3 and base excess, and the FiO2 level was higher. These patients also presented lower PaO2:FiO2 ratios; on the last day of support, the inspiratory positive airway pressure and expiratory positive airway pressure were higher. The failure group also had a longer average duration of stay in the intensive care unit [17 (10-26) days vs. 8 (5-14) days], as well as a higher mortality rate (9 vs. 51%). There was an association between failure and mortality, which had an odds ratio (95% CI) of 10.6 (5.93 -19.07). The multiple logistic regression analysis using noninvasive positive pressure ventilation failure as a dependent variable found that treatment tended to fail in patients with a Simplified Acute Physiology Score II$34, an inspiratory positive airway pressure level > 15 cmH2O and pH<7.40. CONCLUSION: The indications for noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation were quite varied. The failure group had a longer intensive care unit stay and higher mortality. Simplified Acute Physiology Score II > 34, pH<7.40 and higher inspiratory positive airway pressure levels were associated with failure.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Positive-Pressure Respiration/statistics & numerical data , Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy , Cohort Studies , Hospitals, University , Intensive Care Units , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Positive-Pressure Respiration/methods , Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology , Treatment Outcome
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